#Korotkoff sounds professional

#Korotkoff sounds professional

'Recommendation for blood pressure measurement in humans and experimental animals part 1: blood pressure measurement in humans: a statement of professionals from the subcommittee of professional and public education of the American heart association council on high blood pressure research,' Hypertension.

'2013 ESH/ESC guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension,' Eur Heart J, 34: 2159-2219, 2013. Mancia G, Fagard R, Narkiewicz K et al.

'European Society of Hypertension position paper on ambulatory blood pressure monitoring,' J Hypertens, 31: 1731-1768, 2013. O'Brien E, Parati G, Stergiou G et al.'Global burden of cardiovascular disase and stroke: hypertension at the core,' The Canadian journal of cardiology. 'The sympathetic control of blood pressure,' Nature review neuroscience 7(5): 335-346, 2006. 'Blood-pressure measurement,' N Engl J Med 2009 360:e6. Williams J.S., Brown S.M., Conlin P.R.'Blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) and risk fatal coronary heart disease,' Hypertension, 3(5 Suppl):I2-12, 1989. Mean and standard deviations of blood pressures obtained by the auscultatory method and from the developed device for 10 subjects Output of sensing module after applying a 4th order 35Hz high-pass filter showing Korotkoff sounds Output of sensing module with a 4th order 25Hz high-pass filter during cuff deflationįigure 3(c). Output of sensing module with a 4th order 15Hz high-pass filter before cuff inflationįigure 3(b). Bland-Altman plots device for systolic (left) and diastolic (right) pressures obtained by the auscultatory method and the developed device.įigure 3(a). Difference values between auscultatory method and developed device for systolic (left) and diastolic (right) pressuresįigure 10. Correlation between auscultatory method and PVDF device measurements of systolic (left) and diastolic (right) blood pressuresįigure 9.

Top, Korotkoff sounds middle, cuff pressure bottom, pulse wavesįigure 8. (a) raw Korotkoff sounds, (b) square wave indicates detection of Korotkoff sound after rectification, and (c) determination of Korotkoff sounds above the preset thresholdįigure 7. Determination of systolic and diastolic pressure based on Korotkoff sounds and cuff pressure. Korotkoff sounds (top) and the corresponding cuff pressure (bottom)įigure 6. Developed device including sensor implemented inside the cuffįigure 5. Pulse waves before cuff inflation and without a signal filterįigure 4. Sensing module (left) and schematic diagram of sensing module (right)įigure 2. Blood pressure measurements based on Korotkoff sound signals obtained by using the developed PVDF film-based sensor module are accurate and highly correlated with measurements obtained by the traditional auscultatory method.įigure 1. Correlation coefficients for the values obtained by the auscultatory method and from the developed device were 0.982 and 0.980 for systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respectively. The results from 86 out of 90 systolic measurements and 84 out of 90 diastolic measurements indicate that the developed device pass the validation criteria of the international protocol. An algorithm for determining starting and ending points of the Korotkoff sounds was established, and clinical data from subjects were acquired and analyzed to find the relationship between the values obtained by the auscultatory method and from the developed device. PVDF-based sensor pattern was developed to function as a vibration sensor to detect of Korotkoff sounds, and the film's output was connected to an impedance-matching circuit. In this study, we develop a Korotkoff sound based automatic blood pressure measurement device including sensor, hardware, and analysis algorithm.